Differences

Last edited on June 1, 2023

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- cl:paraneoplastic-disorders [on January 25, 2022]
psychdb
+++ cl:paraneoplastic-disorders [on June 1, 2023]
psychdb [Psychiatric]
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 {{INLINETOC}}
 ===== Primer =====
-**Paraneoplastic disorders** can lead to severe psychiatric and behavioural symptoms. Rapid identification is required to ensure correct treatment and management to avoid misdiagnosis of a paraneoplastic neurologic disorder.
+**Paraneoplastic disorders** can lead to severe psychiatric and behavioural symptoms. Rapid identification is required to ensure correct treatment and management to avoid misdiagnosis of a paraneoplastic neurologic disorder. Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are the immune-mediated effects of a remote cancer and are characterized by an autoantibody response against the antigens expressed by the tumour.
+===== Autoantibodies =====
+The autoantibody response can be psychiatric in nature, and includes:
+  * **[[cl:0-autoimmune-encephalitis:anti-nmda-receptor|NMDAR-antibody encephalitis]]**, associated with ovarian teratomas in younger women
+  * Ophelia syndrome, associated with surface-directed **mGluR5-antibodies**, seen in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma
+  * **Anti-neuronal nuclear antibody-1 (ANNA-1)**, also known as **Hu** paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, associated with small cell lung cancer in 75% of cases (other tumours include lung, prostate, breast, bladder, GI tract, ovary, neuroendocrine, unknown origin), most commonly in men.
+  * **AMPA receptor antibodies**, associated with lung, breast, thymus, ovarian tumours.
 ===== Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis =====
 <alert icon="fa fa-arrow-circle-right fa-lg fa-fw" type="success">See main article: **[[cl:0-autoimmune-encephalitis:home]]**</alert>